The respiratory system of the person has an abnormality. It is said to be prone to dust as well as virus. Dust was originally present in the world, but it is a malignant dust produced by industrialization. The name is 'micro dust'. Fine dust is composed of harmful substances such as sulphates and nitrates, which are well known to be bad components. Fine dust is floating in the air or is scattered around. Burning fossil fuel, or the product of exhaust gas from factories and automobiles generates it. It is divided into fine dust smaller than 10 micrometer and fine dust smaller than 2.5 micrometer. If you do not know what it is, 10 micrometer is 1/5 to 1/7 of your hair and 2.5 micrometer is even smaller, about 1 / 20th to 1 / 30th. These small toxic substances have great impacts on us. Let's look them.
The most affected place is the human body. Recent studies have shown that respiratory illness represents the greatest impact, and studies have examined the effects of fine dust on pulmonary function. Based on a study conducted in Switzerland, it was reported that when the concentration of fine dust increased by 10 micrometers / m ^ 2, the FVC [i]decreased by 3.4% and FEVI[ii] decreased by 1.6%. That is, the thicker the fine dust, the more negative the impact on the lung function.
Micro dust has also a profound effect on people with asthma. In one study, the relationship between micro dust and asthma was analyzed. As a result, the incidence of micro dust increased by 1 to 4% in children and adults. This confirms the link between fine dust and asthma, and other studies also showed that people without asthma are 30% more likely to develop asthma than those who are not exposed to fine dust. In other words, it could be harm to both, the person who had asthma and the person who did not have asthma. However, these two cases are still in the process of being researched and no definitive conclusion has been reached.
Respiratory problems are also associated with fine dust particles. Fine dust is composed of metal, nitrate, and sulphate; tire rubber, soot, etc., which are artificially generated by automobiles exhausts, and dangerous substances that come out of factory. These substances neutralize the antibody against bacterial pathogens and cause pneumonia. In severe cases, it is absorbed into the blood vessels and causes stroke and heart disease. Recent studies have shown that it can damage the liver, spleen, central nervous system, brain, and even the reproductive organs, which are not directly related to the respiratory system. In fact, about six million people die each year from fine dust. An example of the seriousness of these particles comes from SBS Special 474 Broadcast. Mr. Jao Tau was living in Beijing, China. More than a million people die every year from air pollution in Beijing. He returned to Weihai City, where he was diagnosed with lung cancer due to fine dust in the capital. It is said that only one sixth of the lungs were left after surgery.
In order to grasp the importance of the fine dust properly, it is necessary to understand the cause of fine dust. Many people think that because of the yellow dust coming from China, we see the damage of fine particles provokes. But this is only a fraction. According to a study by the Ministry of Environment, the contribution of fine dust was 52% in Korea and 48% in the outside world. It is true that South Korea, with a result of 52% in a region, produces fine dust in the country itself rather than outside the country. This source of fine dust was the largest (38%), followed by construction and ship (16%) and power plant (15%). By burning fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal, fine dust occurs naturally, and some micro dusts occur naturally through forest fires, dusts, etc. As a result, China's yellow dust phenomenon is not unrelated to fine dust, but the relationship between them is quite different. Dusts can be said to be sand; dust is produced naturally by intense winds in the Inner Mongolia desert in China. Fine dusts are different from those occurring through people's activities. Even when dusts it not the result of air pollution, you do not have to worry about it, but the fine dust itself contains damaging ingredients, so you have to worry about the hazards.
As mentioned earlier, fine dust causes serious problems in our body, so we must be more careful. In fact, prevention is something we can do easily. Individuals maintain cleanliness, drink plenty of water, and wear a mask when they go out. And socially, if we reduce the amount of fossil fuels we use, or turn them into alternative energies, and take a habit of using public transportation more than automobiles, the amount of fine dust in our country will be reduced a little. We all need to strive to reduce the amount of fine dust that comes into our system, and furthermore, we should strive to create a safe environment in our society as well.
[i] Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): When let the patient breathe to the maximum, then let the patient breathe to the end with maximum effort. FVC is recorded as 4L if the total amount of exhalation is 4L until the end if the patient is breathing the maximum and then with all his efforts.
[ii] forced expiratory volume(FEVI) : When you exhale your breath to the maximum and then do your best, your FEV1 will be extinguished for the first second. Even if the IVV is the same, the FEV1 may vary depending on the patient. If you exhale 2L for the first second, FEV1 will be recorded as 2L. FEV1 is an indicator of how fast you can breathe in the first second.